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Aviation History
1974
1974 - 0055.PDF
FLIGHT International, 10 January 1974 51 P&W FIOO augmented turbofan for the GD YF-/6 fighter F401 Augmented two-shaft turbofan. The F40I is under development, with only partial support bv the USN. to power the Grumman F-14B (2X 28,1001b A/B F401-PW-400), first Might of which took place in September last year. It seems unlikely that a production option on the engine will be exercised by the Navy Development of the F401 and F100 are the responsibilities of the USAF/USN Joint Engine Project Office. The F401 has also been selected for the Rockwell International XFV-12A shipboard, augmentor-wing V/Stol fighter (1X21,0001b F401-PW-400 ), two demonstrator prototypes of which are being built under Navy contract. Initial flight of the XFV-12A is planned for the third quarter of this year. The configuration of the F401 is similar to that of the F100 except for an additional "booster" stage behind the fan. F402 (Pegasus) Two-shaft vectored-thrust turbofan. A pro gramme-definition study was initiated last year by Pratt & Whitney and Rolls-Royce to provide data for a possible joint development by the two companies of the 24,5001b R-R Pegasus 15 to power an advanced version of the Harrier. A parallel programme-definition study on the airframe aspects of this fighter is being undertaken jointly by HSA and McDonnell-Douglas. The Pegasus engine is already in service in America as 21,5001b Pegasus 803, with the US Navy/Marine Corps designation of F402-RR-401, powering the AV-8A. As originally delivered, these aircraft were powered by the 20,0001b Pegasus 802/F402-RR-400. For description of the F402, see the R-R Pegasus, page 53. J52 Two-shaft turbojet. Latest version is the 11,2001b J52- P-400 for the twin-engined McDonnell Douglas A-4M and A-4N Skyhawks. J52-P-400 Five-stage 1-p compressor, seven-stage h-p com pressor, annular combustor, single-stage h-p turbine, two- stage 1-p turbine. Take-off H,2001b; mass [low 1431h/sec; pressure ratio 14-6:1; length 118-Sin; diameter 38in; weight 2,3181b. J60 (JT12A) Single-stage turbojet. Military version of the JT12A, this turbojet powers the Lockheed C-140 (4X 3,0001b Jo0-P-5), Rockwell International T-2B Buckeye (2x3,0001b J60-P-6) and Rockwell Internationa] Sabreliner (2X 3,0001b J60-P-3). For description see JTJ2A, page 52, JFTD12A (T73) Free-turbine two-stage turboshaft. The most powerful helicopter turbine in service in the West, the JFTD12 uses the JTI2 turbojet as gas-generator. The engine's sole application in both its commercial and military (T73) forms, is the twin-engined Sikorsky S-64. Latest versions are the 4,800 s.h.p. JFTDI2A-5A and T73-P-700. T73-P-7W Nine-stage compressor, cannular combustor, two- stage compressor & power turbines. Direct drive. Take-off 4,800 s.h.p.; mass flow 511b/sec; pressure ratio 6-75:1; length 99in; diameter 20in; weight 9801b. JT3D (TF33) Two-shaft turbofan. The JT3D remains in modest production for the Boeing 707, in particular for the Chinese order for ten aircraft and 80 engines. Nasa-financed work to design and develop a new quiet, single-stage fan was stopped at the beginning of last year because of budget cuts; Nasa's Refan Project Office has since been making efforts to get the JT3D refan programme embodied in the Administration's Fiscal 1974 budget. There is also a Nasa- financed quiet nacelle developed by Boeing for the 707-320B. This has yet to fly, but ground tests indicate likely compliance with FAR 36 Appendix C noise levels. The quiet nacelle can be available on new aircraft early next year, and in addition Boeing last year proposed a stretched 707, the 500, with quiet nacelles. This version of the aircraft can be delivered early next year, either new or as a retrofit scheme. Under recent FAA requirements, all new 707s will be required to meet FAR 36 from December 1 this year. For engines in service, two JT3Ds of Pan Am each completed 17,26Ihr operation before removal for overhaul in September last year. P&WA believes this to have been a record TBO. The TF33 is the military version of the JT3D. Applications and projects, Boeing E-3A Awacs (4X21,000!b TF33-P-7); Boeing 707-120B & 720B (4X 17,0001b JT3D-1I; Boeing 707-I20B & 320C & 720B 14 X 18,0001b JT3D-3B); Boeing 707-320 (4X 19,0001b JT3D-7); Boeing 707-500 (4X 180001b JT3D-3B or 4 X 19,0001b JT3D-7); McDonnell Douglas DC-8 series (4X ]8,0001b JT3D-3B); McDonnell Douglas DC-8-62 & 63 series (4X 19,0001b JT3D-7). JT3D-7 Two-stage tan and six-stage 1-p compressor, seven- stage h-p compressor, cannular combustor, singe-stage h-p turbine, three-stage 1-p turbine. Take-off 19,0001b; bypass ratio 1-43:1; mass flow 4721b/see: pressure ratio 13-5:1; length 136.Gin; diameter 53in; weight 4,2601b. JT8D Two-shaft turbofan. More than 6,400 JT8Ds have been delivered and flown more than 64 million hours since the engine entered airline service a decade ago. The 1,000th Boeing 727, the JT8D's leading application, was rolled-out at the end of November last year, and production was then proceeding at eight-nine aircraft per month. These and other statistics make the JT8D the world's most successful com mercial turbotan. Thrust ratings have grown from 12,2501b to 16,0001b, and the future for the engine is being further enhanced by Nasa-financed work to refan the JT8D and fly it in acoustically treated nacelles in a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 and Boeing 727. P&W has $14-6 million, £6-24 million contract to modify six JT8Ds with a new quiet, singe-stage fan with two "booster" stages in place of the existing two- stage fan. Flight-testing of these new JT8D-109 installations will start early next year. Already in production and service on the 727 and 737 is a Quiet nacelle that reduces fan- generated noises. Applications and projects. Aerospatiale Caravel te 103, I0R 11R <2X 14,0001b JT8D-1 or -7); Boeing 727-100 & -200 (3X 14,0001b JT8D-1 or -7); Boeing 727-200 !3X 14,5001b JT8D-9); Boeing 727-200 & Advanced 727-200 (3X [5,5001b JT8D-15); Boeing 737-100 & -200 (2X 14,0001b 727-1 or -7); Boeing Advanced 727-200 (3X16,0001b JT8D-I7); Boeing 737- 200 (2 X 14,5001b JT8D-9); Boeing 737-200 (2 X 15,5001b JT8D-15); Boeing T-43A (2 X 14,5001b JT8D-9); Dassault-Breguet Merrure (2X 15,5001b JT8D-I5); Kawasaki XC-'I (2X [4,5001b JT8D-91; McDonnell Douglas DC-9-10 & -30 (2X 14,0001b JT8D- or -7); McDonnell Douglas DC-9-10 (2 X 12.2501b JT8D-5); McDonnell Douglas DC-9-20, -30 & -40 (2X 14,5001b JT8D-9); McDonnell Douglas DC-9-50 (2X16,0001b JTD-17); McDonnell Douglas C-9A & -9B (2X 14,5001b JT8D-9); McDonnell Douglas YC-I5 (4X16,00011) JT8D-17). JT8D-I09 Single-stage fan & six-stage i-p compressor, seven- stage h-p compressor, cannular combustor, single-stage h-p turbine, three-stage 1-p turbine. Take-off 16,6001b; bypass ratio 2-03:1; length 127in; fan diameter 49-2in; weight 3,7881b. JT9D (F105) Two-shaft turbofan. By the middle of 1973, well over 1,200 ,IT9D engines had been delivered, and by September more than 6'y million hours Hying had been completed. Last February Boeing and UAC announced that they had withdrawn their claims against one another re lating to the JT9D-3A, and that P&W was to develop the new JT9D-70 capable of thrusts up to 60,0001b. Boeing in turn will offer the 747 with the -70 for delivery commencing late next year. Preliminary design work on the -70 was com pleted by the middle of last year, and P&W anticipates having the engine certificated by late 1975. Changes to, the configuration of the JT9D-70 include an additional i-p com pressor stage, modification to the front hub and h-p com pressor case, a larger 1-p turbine shaft, and improved seal cooling. The fan will be lin larger in diameter. Also launched in 1973 was the Boeing 747SP Dowered by the JT9D-7A, and ordered by Pan Am and Iran Air. The USAF has ordered three 747s powered by the 46,0001b F105-PW-100, military version of the JT9D-7. Applications and projects. Boeing 747-100 (4X43,5001b JT9D-3A); Boeing 747-I00A (4X46,9501b JT9D-3A(W)); Boeing 747-200B (4 X 46,9501b JT9D-7); Boeing 747-200C & 747F (4X48,5701b JT9D-7A(Wl); Boeing 747F, 747-200C, -400B & -400F (4X52,0001b JT9D-70); Boeing 747, E-4A Emergency Airborne Command Post (4X46,0001b F105-PW-100); McDonnell Douglas DC-10-40 (3X48,5001b JT9D-20W or 3 X 52,0001b JT9D-59); McDonnell Douglas DC-10 Twin (2X52,0001b JT9D-57 or -59). JT9D-7 Single-stage fan plus three-stage i-p compressor, eleven-stage h-p compressor, annular combustor, two-stage
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