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Aviation History
1983
1983 - 1911.PDF
Commercial aircraft of the world the infra-structure over recent years and the situation may be in the process of change. 11-62. Although the Ilyushin design bureau has been reported to be developing a new type under the designation 11-96 (derived from the 11-86) to replace the 11-62, the latter remains the Soviet Union's standard long-range narrowbody. The production rate of the 11-62 "Classic" is now believed to have fallen to around 12 per year. The peak rate achieved some time ago was, however, only about 16. The initial production version of the aircraft was powered by the 23,1501b thrust Kuznetsov NK-8-4 turbofan and had a maximum take-off weight of 357,1501b (162,000kg). Having flown in prototype form in January 1963, production examples entered service in 1967. A major revision of the design lead to the I1-62M which flew in 1971. Powered by the more powerful Soloviev D-30KU of 24,2501b thrust, the aircraft remained dimensionally unchanged but had a maximum take-off weight of 363,7601b (165,000kg). The latest version, announced in 1978, is the I1-62MK which has a revised cabin as well as a number of structural refinements. Programme Status: All models: Approxi mately 215 built excluding prototypes. Production continues at about one per month. 11-76. Both civil and military versions of the 11-76 "Candid" remain in production. Its ability to operate from short unprepared strips and the nature of its operations means it is often switched between military and civil roles. Military uses must have been in mind when it was designed at the end of the 1960s to be capable of transporting 40 tonnes over 5,000km (2,700 n.m.). Following a first flight in March 1971, the first production versions were the I1-76T for Aeroflot and the I1-76M for the Soviet Air Force, although A.eroflot is known to operate the M version. About 140 are be lieved to be in service with the Air Force and some 40 with Aeroflot. A mixture of nearly 20 Ms and Ts are in service with operators in the Middle East, including Iraqi Airways, Jamahirian Air Transport of Libya, and Syrianair. The latest version, designated I1-76-TD, was seen transitting Shannon earlier this year. The 11-62 remains in low-volume production Flight refuelling and airborne early warning versions of the type are believed to have been flight-tested. Programme Status: In low volume pro duction against a continuing military and civil requirement with 65-plus (?) delivered for civil use. Il-86.The 11-86 "Camber" remains the first and only Soviet widebody. As far as can be judged the production rate is slow and there has been continued speculation that this is partly because it will be re-engined when a more effi cient powerplant becomes available. The latest examples of the type have recently been deployed on the route to Havana via Shannon and Gander demonstrating a transatlantic capability, perhaps with limited payload or with additional tankerage. The type has gross weights similar to those of the DC-10-10 and L-1011-1 TriStar but rather less payload-range capability. A long-range version is expected to emerge in due course because the 11-62 cannot meet the Icao noise rules which come into force at many Western airports over the next few years. Any new long- range 11-86 may be powered by a high bypass ratio engine, perhaps also developed for a military freighter requirement. There is already speculation that this development is the "11-96" mentioned from time to time. The relatively small Lotarev D-36 engine used in the Yak-42 is a high bypass ratio design and the Soviets are bound to have limited access to Western turbine technology via the DC-10-30s operated by Ariana Afghan. A new large turbofan is therefore only a matter of time. The current 11-86 has a unique passenger- loading arrangement in which the passengers carry their own baggage into underfloor vestibules before entering the cabin via internal stairways. Although it is claimed to greatly reduce turn-round times, a version of the aircraft is available without this feature. Dele- .4 long-rtmge derivative of the [1-86 is expected to emerge in due course FLIGHT International., 15 October 1983
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