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Aviation History
1989
1989 - 0074.PDF
NATO releases statistics The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation has released the latest statistics on the financial and manpower inputs of its member nations. The financial figures are based on NATO definitions of defence expenditure, and so can differ considerably from those quoted by national authorities. The figures quoted for the United States, Canada, and West Germany include expenditures on military aid programmes, and figures for European NATO countries do not include the value of items received under military aid programmes. France is a member of the NATO alliance, but does not belong to the integrated military structure; the French figures are therefore indicative only. Because of rounding off, the figures when added might differ from the totals shown. CASUALTIES United States (Spain) A US Air Force General Dynamics F-16 crashed north of Madrid on December 5. The pilot, Brig Gen Winfield Harpe, 51, was killed. Angola An Angolan Air Force MiG-21 Fishbed crashed on take-off from Luena AB on December 13, 1988. The aircraft hit a guard house, killing eleven occupants. The pilot is believed to have ejected. United States (UK) A United States Air Force Fairchild A-10 Thunderbolt crashed 25 n.m. north of Cambridge, England, on December 22, 1988. The pilot ejected safely. Mozambique A Mozambique Air Force Mil Mi-8 Hip crashed 5 n.m. north of Maputo Airport at 23.35hr on December 24, 1988. The helicopter was inbound to Maputo from Xai-Xai with ten civilian passengers and three crew, all of whom were killed. Initial MAF reports indicate a flight control system failure was to blame. Defence expenditure of NATO countries Country Currency unit (million) 1988 1988 ($US) Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany* Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey UK United States Belgian franc Canadian $ Danish kroner French franc Deutschemark Drachma 1,000 lira Lux. franc Dutch guilder Norw. kroner Escudo Peseta Turkish lira Pound sterling US $ 37388 1999 2968 32672 22573 14208- 1562 416 3909 2774 12538 6399 2607 79846 70899 3360 5355 55872 37589 45936 3104 836 7119 4771 19898 32833 5571 88400 115754 5787 9117 111672 48518 96975 8203 1534 10476 8242 43440 350423 203172 11542 138191 139113 9753 13045 176638 57274 271922 16433 2234 12762 12688 92009 594932 803044 17511 231459 144183 10331 13343 186715 58649 321981 18584 2265 12901 15446 111375 674883 1234547 18352 258165 152079 10971 13333 197080 60130 338465 20071 2390 13110 16033 139972 715306 1867990 18639 281105 155422 11715 14647 209326 61354 393052 23788 2730 13254 18695 159288 852767 2476869 19271 288155 155074 12332 15741 214126 62178 492025 24950 2992 13346 19023 181916 853165 3788920 19732 286035 4135 10341 2278 35103 34775 3306 18959 80 6615 2887 1233 7445 2085 35320 286035 NATO Europe US $ 113248 91469 92711 120787 148335 159056 North America US S 81754 91704 143141 238990 265731 289000 296990 295650 NATO total US $ 256388 330459 358442 409787 445324 454706 * In addition to defence expenditures (NATO definition), the German authorities incur large expendit given above because they do not come within the NATO definition, are forecast to be DM16.785 n ** Dollar conversions as at December 12, 1988. Defence expenditures as percentage of gross domestic product s for Berlin. These expenditures, which are not included ii ion in 1988. Country Belgium Denmark France Germany* Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom NATO Europe Canada United States North America NATO total Average 1970-1974 2-9 2-4 3-8 3-5 4-7 2-3 0-8 3-1 3-3 6 9 — 4-4 5-1 — 2-1 6-5 61 — Average 1975-1979 3-2 2-4 3-8 3-4 6-7 21 1-0 3-2 31 3-9 — 5-7 4-9 — 1-9 5-1 4-8 — Average 1980 3 2 4 3 6 2 1 3 2 3 2 4 5 3 2 5 5 4 1984 3 4 1 3 6 2 2 2 9 4 4 8 3 6 1 8 5 7 1980 3-4 2 4 3 5 2 1 3 2 3 2 4 5 3 1 D 4 4 4 0 3 7 1 2 1 9 5 3 6 0 5 9 1 8 2 1984 31 2 4 3 / 2 1 3 2 3 2 4 5 3 2 6 5 5 3 0 3 1 3 2 2 8 3 4 4 5 6 2 2 9 0 1985 3-1 2 4 3 / 2 1 3 3 3 2 4 5 3 2 6 6 5 2 0 2 0 3 1 1 1 2 4 4 2 5 2 5 2 2 1986 3-0 2-0 3-9 31 61 2-2 11 3-1 3-1 3-2 2-2 4-8 5-0 3-4 2-2 6-7 6-4 5-0 1987 3-0 2-1 3-9 3-1 62 2-4 1-2 3-0 3-4 3-1 2-4 4-4 4-7 1-4 2-1 6-5 61 4-8 1988 2-9 2-2 3-8 3-0 6-6 2-4 1-3 3-0 3-3 31 2-2 4-2 4-5 3-3 2-1 6-1 5-7 4-5 * These percentages have been calculated without taking into account the expenditures on Berlin. Equipment expenditures as percentage of total defence expenditure Country Average 1970-1974 Average 1975-1979 Average 1980-1984 1980 1984 1985 1986 1987 Belgium Canada Denmark Germany Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States 10-7 7-3 16-4 11-9 8-2 153 1-5 130 15-2 7-1 — 3-9 16-6 21-4 11-7 9-0 18-4 12-8 19-3 14-7 1-9 18-2 16-0 2-2 — 19-2 21-6 17-6 13 17 16 16 17 17 1 20 19 5 20 9 26 21 8 8 9 6 4 4 8 7 4 5 8 1 2 9 14 15 18 14 18 17 I 18 19 6 19 4 25 19 4 4 1 8 8 5 8 1 3 1 7 7 2 5 13 20 15 16 15 17 1 23 18 4 28 13 27 25 2 8 7 5 3 3 6 6 1 8 7 1 2 2 12 18 13 14 14 18 4 24 24 3 16 13 27 25 7 5 8 8 5 8 0 0 9 3 8 6 0 7 12 20 14 15 15 18 3 21 20 6 23 17 25 25 9 2 0 9 8 4 1 9 2 3 6 9 2 8 13 21 14 15 17 20 3 17 20 HI 24 21 24 26 Total armed forces as percentage of labour force* 1988 11-2 20-9 16-5 15-2 24-4 21-0 3-2- 19-7 19-1 13-0 20-9 22-5 24-7 26-0 Country Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom NATO Europe Canada United States North America NATO total 1970 30 2-2 3-3 2-3 6-2 2-9 0-9 2-9 3-1 6-5 — 4-4 2-9 — 1-5 5-5 51 — 1975 2-8 1-8 3-2 2-5 6-5 2-5 0-8 2-7 2-8 2-9 — 1-8 2-5 — 1-2 3-4 3-2 — 1980 2-8 1 3 2 6 2 0 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 7 0 4 1 5 8 6 6 3 1 4 2 9 0 8 7 8 1984 2-7 15 3-0 2-4 6-0 2-4 0-9 2-2 2-5 2-4 2-8 4-7 2-0 2-8 10 2-9 2-7 2-8 1985 2-7 1-4 3-0 2-4 61 2-5 0-9 2-2 2-3 2-6 2-6 4-6 2-0 2-8 1-0 2-9 2-7 2-7 1986 2-7 1-3 2-9 2-4 5-9 2-5 0-8 2-3 2-3 2-6 2-5 4-9 1-9 2-8 1-0 2-8 2-6 2-7 1987 2-7 1-4 2-9 2-4 5-9 2-4 0-8 2-2 2-3 2-6 2-6 4-9 1-8 2-8 1-0 2-8 2-6 2-7 1988 2-8 1-4 2-8 2-4 '5-9 2-4 0-9 2-2 2-3 2-6 2-3 4-7 1-8 2-7 0-9 2-7 2-5 2-6 16 FLIGHT INTERNATIONAL, 14 January 1989
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