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Aviation History
1989
1989 - 2568.PDF
internal/external lighting systems which are compatible with pilots' night-vision goggles, and infrared-suppression equipment to increase survivability, ki addition, the Honeywell Volcano multiple-delivery mine system qualification tests were completed in 1987. Volcano rapidly dispenses 960 Gator anti-tank and anti-personnel mines from canisters mounted in the UH-60's cabin. Sikorsky delivered the last of 66 EH-60C Quick Fix electronic warfare helicopters on September 13, 1988. Formerly designated EH-60A, the Quick Fix is basically a Black Hawk modified to be equipped with an electronics package, including four dipole antennae in the rear fuselage and a retractable whip antenna under the tail boom. On February 3, 1987, the USAF received the first of ten UH-60A Credible Hawk rescue helicopters. In 1982/83 11 UH-60As were delivered to the USAF to meet a short-term rescue helicopter undercapaciry, and under a later contract Sikorsky has converted ten to Credible Hawk standard, which includes the installation of a 117gal auxiliary fuel tank, a fuel management system, and an inflight refuelling probe. These are to be further modified to MH-60G Pave Hawk standard, addi tional equipment including Pave Low III FLIR, Doppler INS, and TACAN. The eleventh was recon figured as a HH-60A Night Hawk in 1983/84, with internal and external auxiliary fuel totalling 937gal. Mission equipment installed included Doppler radar, FLIR, Litton INS, a MIL 1553B digital databus, and various self-protection systems. The USAF planned to buy 90 HH-60As, with delivery from 1988 in lieu of the more sophisticated HH- 60D/HH-60E combat rescue helicopters cancelled in 1984. The HH-60A did not receive Government funding, and has been replaced by the MH-60G programme. The USMC's request for nine VIP-configured VH-60As to replace the VH-lNs of the Executive Flight was approved in FY1986, and the first was delivered in November 1988. Export versions of the Black Hawk are available under the designation S-70A. Australia signed a follow-on contract for 25 S-70A-9s in May 1987, taking total procurement to 39, most of which will be assembled in Australia by Hawker de Havilland. The first HdH-assembled S-70 was rolled out on April 10, 1988, and eight had been completed by the end of the year. A commercial utility model, the S-70C, is not subject to US Foreign Military Sales (FMS) regulations, and has been sold to China for operation in Tibet. In the UK Rolls-Royce is testing the WS-70, an S-70C fitted with RTM.322 engines, and is believed to be supplying this variant to Saudi Arabia under the Al Yamamah agreement. Under a separate FMS arrangement, Sikorsky is to deliver 13 UH-60As, modified to Desert Hawk standard, to Saudi Arabia from late-1989. Colombia has also received the UH-60A as part of a FMS provision. The prototype YUH-60A flew on October 17, 1974, and was announced the winner of the US Army's Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System in December 1976. The first production UH-60 flew in October 1978. Customers: Australia 39, Brunei 2, China 24, Colombia 10, Egypt 2, Japan 8, Jordan 2, Philip pines 2, Saudi Arabia 13, Taiwan 14, Turkey 6, USA 1,183. SH-60 Seahawk The US Navy's new CV-Inner Zone ASW helicopter, the SH-60F, made its initial flight on March 19, 1987, and entered service in June 1989. Plans call for the eventual purchase of up to 175 to replace SH-3H Sea Kings. Based on the SH-60B Seahawk but with LAMPS MklH mission- related equipment removed, the SH-60F uses a Bendix AQS-13F dipping sonar and Mk50 torpedoes in conjunction with a Teledyne ASN-123 tactical navigation computer, a MIL 1553B databus, and a tactical datalink to other aircraft. Airframe modifications include the removal of redundant sensor fairings, an extended pylon on the port side for additional weapons/auxiliary fuel tank, and a re-arranged cabin interior. By April 1988, 120 SH-60B LAMPS Mklll heli copters had been delivered to the US Navy and the fleet had flown some 185,000 hours. Initial deliv eries were made in 1983, and all SH-60Bs have been ready on time and below cost. US Navy plan ning requires a fleet of 204 SH-60Bs by the early 1990s. The SH-60B mission system is installed by IBM, which is the prime contractor for LAMPS Mklll avionics integration. The system consists of an APS-124 search radar, a sonobuoy acoustic processor, towed ASQ-81(V)2 MAD, ESM, and an ARQ-44 datalink. Armament includes Mk46 torpedoes, ASMs, and depth bombs. Development of Mk50 Torpedo and Penguin ASM capability continues, and an active sonar system may be fitted in the 1990s. Enhanced survivability modules are also being fitted, comprising IR jammer, chaff/flare dispensers, and an M-60D machine gun. Secondary roles are over-the-horizon targeting for ship- launched missiles, SAR, and stores transfer using an external cargo hook. Two specialised rescue versions of the Seahawk, the HH-60H combat SAR/special warfare support (HCS) aircraft, and HH-60J medium-range recov ery (MRR) helicopter, are being developed for the US Navy and US Coast Guard respectively. The combined total required stands at 53 aircraft, and contracts have been placed for 18 Hs and 15 Js. The first deliveries of HH-60H Rescue Hawks began early in 1989, and will be followed by Coast Guard HH-60Js in March 1990. Export models of the Seahawk are designated S-70B, although some were delivered to Japan for the installation and test of Japanese equipment as XSH-60Js. Funding was allocated in FY1988/89 for the first 24 SH-60Js, to begin replacement of Sea Kings. Australia has selected the Seahawk, and most of the 16 ordered will be assembled in Austra lia. The Australian version, the S-70B-2, will be equipped with MEL Super Searcher radar and Collins integrated avionics, while six S-70Bs to be delivered to Spain during 1988 will use systems similar to those of the SH-60B. Derived from the UH-60A Black Hawk airframe, the Seahawk first flew on December 12, 1979, and has twin uprated navalised T700-GE-701 turboshafts, a relocated tailwheel, a deck recovery system, and hovering inflight refuelling capability. The first production SH-60B flew in February 1983. Customers: Australia 16, Japan 26, Spain 6, USA 432. C HOW TO USE THESE TABLES The simplified data tables on this and subsequent pages are intended to ease the task of comparing aircraft of similar types. Data on aircraft included in this survey are grouped under descriptive headings such as "Interceptor/air superiority", "Trainer/light-attack", or "Turboprop utility transport". Within these groups aircraft are arranged according to maximum take-off weight, heaviest at the top, lightest at the bottom, so that aircraft of similar size are adjacent. Metric units are used throughout. Conversion factors are: THRUST lkN = 2251b; POWER lkW = 1-34 h.p./s.h.p.; LENGTH lm = 3-28ft; AREA lm2 = 10-76ft2; WEIGHT 1kg = 2-21b; SPEED lkm/h = 0-54kt; FUEL 1 litre = 0-264 US gal, 0-22 Imp gal; RANGE 1km = 0-54 n.m. INTERCEPTOR/AIR SUPERIORITY MANUFACTURER—Country Type MKOYAN—USSR MiG-31 Foxhound MKOYAN—USSR MiG-25 Foxbal A GRUMMAN—USA F-14A Tomcat MCDONNELL DOUGLAS—USA F-15C Eagle SUKHOI—USSR Su-27 Flanker B PANAV1A—UK/Germany/Italy Tornado Air Defence Variant Powerplant Installed thrust (dry/reheat) 2 x Tumansky rurbofans ?/274kN 2 x Tumansky R-31 182/240kN 2 x P&W TF30 ?/186kN 2 x P&W F100-220 134/211kN 2 x Lyulka AL-31F 178/244kN 2 x Turbo- Union RB. 199 80/142kN+ Span Length Wing area 14m 21-5m 57m2 14m 23 -8m 57m! 19-5m/ll-7m 19-lm 52-5m2 1305m 19-4m 56 -5m2 14-7m 21-9m 46-5m2 13-9m/8-6m 181m c25m2 Empty wt Max TO wt Warload 21,825kg 41,150kg 20,000kg 37,500kg 2,000kg 18,191kg 32,724kg 6,577kg If 17,700kg 29,940kg 14,500kg 27,986kg 8,500kg Max speed Time to height Ceiling Mach 2-4 Mach 3-2 2-5min/l 1,000m 27,000m Mach 2 4 15,250m+ Mach 2 5+ lmin/12,200m 18,300m Mach 2-35 19,000m+ Mach 2-2 2min/9,150m 21,300m+ TO run Landing run — 1,400m 2,200m 427m 884m 274m 840m E 760m 370m Internal fuel External fuel Air refuel? 17,410 litres X 17,400 litres X 7,348kg 1,720kg V 6,100kg 9,820kg V 10,000kg Nil X c7,300 litres c6,000 litres V Combat radius Armament 2,100km 8x AAM 1,450km; 4x AAM 1 x 20mm, 8x AAM 1,062 n.m. 1 x 20mm,. 8x AAM 2,000km 1 x 30mm, 8x AAM 740km+ 1 x 27mm, 8x AAM 74 FLIGHT INTERNATIONAL 19 August 1989
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