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Aviation History
1995
1995 - 1999.PDF
•\JJ1 rUSi'JZZ UP f J* yjUJiLD No 24+ 5+ 3+ 2+ 2 4/5 Role int/FGA FGA attack trans trans trans transferred to the Vietnamese air force. The Vietnamese had completely withdrawn by September 1989. The nucleus of the new air arm was formed around a few Mi-8 and Mi-24 helicopters in 1985, while limited fast-jet flying resumed on Shenyang F-6s in 1986. The latter were received from China in the mid-1970s and were refurbished with Vietnamese assis tance. An accord signed in March 1994 with North Korea under a $15 million co-operation agreement as part of its wide- ranging efforts to re-organise Cambodia's armed forces bat tered in fighting with rebel forces of the Democratic Kampuchea Party (Khmer Rouge). The agreement will see North Korea build and help operate Cambodia's first defence factory. Some transport aircraft are also active and the first new fighter squadron, Unit 701, was declared operational in mid-1989. Unit 701 flies MiG-2 Is. Its pilots were trained in the former USSR and Vietnam. Five new Mi-17 Hip heli copters were received from Russia in early 1990. Type MiG-21PF Fishbed Shenyang F-6 (MiG-19) Mi-24 Hind An-24RV Coke Yak40 Mi-8/17 Hip L'ARMEE DE LAIR DU CAMEROUN (AIR FORCE) Although one of Africa's smaller air forces, it has the advan tage of having a well balanced fleet with a light attack force, anti-tank helicopters, maritime-patrol aircraft, a range of transport aircraft and a small helicopter fleet. Its CM. 170 Magisters are of limited operational usefulness however, because of their age. Type Alpha Jet CM.170Magister C-130H Hercules DHC-5D Buffalo DHC-4A Caribou IAl-201 Arava Dornier 128r>6 PA-23 Aztec Boeing 707 AS.332L Super Puma SA.365N Dauphin SA.319B Alouette III SA.318CAIouettell Bell B.206L-3 LongRanger SA.342L Gazelle CANADIAN FORCES - AIR COMMAND The Liberal Government's White Paper on Defence will see significant cuts implemented in the air command. The Northrop CF-5 fleet is to be retired, with the aircraft being offered for re-sale, while the operational number of CF-18s is to be cut to from 72 to between 50 and 60 aircraft. The paper confirmed, however, die need for a replacement for the CH- 113 Labrador SAR helicopter along with a replacement for the CH-124A/B Sea King ASW helicopter. A C$85 million ($61.2 million) programme to upgrade die avionics in 30 CC- 130E/H/Ts is under way, as is a C$128 million programme to equip three CC-144 Challengers as electronic-warfare train ers. Delivery of 100 CH-146 (Bell 412FP) utility tactical- transport helicopters has l)egun. The last CF-18 squadron based in Germany returned to Canada in 1993. Restructuring of the fighter force has result ed in four Tactical Fighter squadrons, 441 and 416, at 4 Wing, Cold Lake, Alberta, and 425 and 433 at 3 Wing, Bagotville, Quebec. There is also a CF-18 operational training squadron based at 4 Wing, which has 23 aircraft. Other than the Tactical Fighter squadrons, the units which support the Fighter Group are Combat Support Squadrons, Radar squadrons. Aerospace Control and Warning Squadrons. Combat Control Squadrons are 414, at 19 Wing, Comox, No 4 10 3 4 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 4 1 3 4 Role attack/COIN COIN/trng trans trans trans trans coast patrol comms trans VIP VIP comms/VIP liaison liaison COIN British Columbia; 434 at 12 Wing, Shearwater; 417 and 439 at 4 Wing and 3 Wing; 444 is at 5 Wing, Goose Bay, Labrador. Two Radar squadrons are 42 at 4 Wing and 12 at 3 Wing. 51 Aerospace Control and Warning Squadron, based at 22 Wing, North Bay, Ontario, has recently been re assigned as a training squadron. This leaves 21 Aerospace Control and Warning Squadron, also based at 22 Wing, as the only operational squadron to support NORAD by mon itoring Canada's airspace. Two Air Reserve squadrons, 409 at 19 Wing and 420 at 12 Wing, have recendy been disbanded. The air force will be equipped with about 160 helicopters for maritime, transport, surveillance and scarch-and-rescue roles, 18 CP-140 Aurora long-range patrol aircraft, and three CP-140A Arctunis surveillance aircraft to be used principally for Arctic operations. General support to maritime, land and national tasks will be provided by: three long-range maritime-patrol squadrons; one composite squadron on each coast to be used for combat support, electronic-warfare training, and coastal patrol; one VIP squadron; one strategic transport and refuelling squadron; three tactical-transport squadrons; six tactical-heli- •copter squadrons including two Special Emergency Response Team (SF.RT) helicopters; and four SAR squadrons and one rescue unit. Air Command also includes seven operational training squadrons. Type No Role CF-18A/B Hornet 86/39 AD/strike CF-5A/D Freedom Fighter 81 FGA/tmg(CF-116) CP-140 Aurora 18 MR CP-140A Arcturus 3 patrol/trng CT-114 Tutor 140s trng CT-133 Silver Star (T-33) 59 trng/liaison/EW CC-137 (Boeing 707) 5 trans/tanker CC-150 Polaris (Airbus A310) 5 strategic trans CC-130E/H Hercules 30 trans/tanker/SAR CC-115 Buffalo 14s SAR CC-109 Cosmopolitan 7 trans/VIP CC/CT-142 Dash-8 6 trans/trng CC-138 Twin Otter 7 SAR/trans CC-144 Challenger 15 VIP/trials/EW/MR CH-113A Labrador 3 SAR CH-118 Iroquois 9 SAR CH-124A/B Sea King 30 ASW CH135TwinHuey(UH-lN) 43 trans/SAR CH-146 Griffon (Bell 412EP) 100* utility CH-136 Kiowa (0H-58A) 61s AOP/liaison •on order s including stored aircraft Norad Flighter Group Type McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Canadair Challenger CC/CE-144 Canadair CT-133 Bell CH-118 Bell CH-135 Bell CH-146 Cape Verde No Role 95 air sovereignty/ intercept/attack 8 EW/maritime suppt 39 EW/maritime suppt 8 combat suppt/SAR 3 combat suppt/SAR 9 combat suppt/SAR FORCA AEREA CABOVERDAINE This small air arm concentrates on patrolling the waters which surround Cape Verde. One Dornier 228 is operated in the maritime-patrol role from its base at Amilcar Cabral on Sal Island. Central African Republic ESCADRILLE CENTRAFRICAINE Formerly a French colony, this country suffers severe finan cial problems.lt operates a military air service rather than an air force. A French military presence in the country includes a Foreign Legion battalion, supported by three C-160 Transall transports and five Jaguar attack aircraft based at Bangui and Bouar. A destroyed Chechen aircraft lying at Grozny following attrition with Russian forces Broussard MH.1521 Mystere Falcon 20C AS.350 Ecureuil SE.3130 Alouette II 6 comms 1 VIP 1 VIP/liaison 1 liaison tgffl ESCADRILLE NATIONALE TCHADIENNE The combat capability of the (-had air arm is restricted to two PilatUS PC-7 Turbo-Trainers, received via France in 1985, and the remaining two of three SF-26()Ws captured from Libya. Type PC-7 Turbo-Trainer SF-260W Warrior C-130A/B/H Hercules C-212 Aviocar C47 Dakota DC-4 PC-6B Turbo-Porter Reims-Cessna FTB-337 No 2 2 1/2/1 1 3 2 2 5 Role COIN COIN trans trans trans trans comms comms Chechnya Independent Chechen forces are still rumoured to be using L-39 Albatros aircraft on combat operations. It is estimated diat, before the conflict with Russia, Chechen forces initially had about 100 L-39s at their disposal, which is significantly more than have been accounted tor. Air strikes by the Russian air force also destroyed some aircraft on the ground. rgrfifli FUERZA AEREA DE CHILE (AIR FORCE) Following last-minute wrangling over software performance, Chile took delivery of the Israeli-developed Boeing 707- based Phalcon AEW aircraft on 2 May, 1995. 'Fhc air force is also acquiring 20 ex-Belgian air force Mirage 5BA and 5BD lighters, which will undergo the MIRSIP upgrade pro gramme before being delivered. Chile is also upgrading its F- 5s with help from IAI. Flight-testing of the upgraded F-5F and F-5F began in early 1993. Chile's Enaer is upgrading the remaining aircraft, installing new multi-mode radar, laser designator, head-up and head-down displays and navigation and electronic-warfare systems. IAI is also assisting Fnaer in the upgrading ol Chile's Mirage 50 fleet to Pantera standard. The aircraft are being equipped with the Rafael Python 3 air-to-air missile. IAI is reported to be updating to ASW standards the first of eight ex-USN UP-3A Orions ordered. Fnaer has also upgraded air force Hunters under the Aguila programme, adding locally developed radar-warning receivers and chafftlare dispensers. Two Y-7 transports have become the first Chinese-built military aircraft to be operated in South America. Type C-337 Skymaster Aermacchi AL.60 No Role 1 trans 6 comms Type Mirage 50C/50CN Pantera Mirage 50DC/IIIB F-5E/F Tiger II Hunter FGA.71/FR.71AA.67/72 Hunter FGA.9 Canberra PR.9 A-37B Dragonfly No 14 1/1 12/3 20+ 8+ 2 28 Role int trng int/trng FGA/recon/trng FGA recon COIN/trng 34 FLIGHT INTERNATIONAL 5 - 11 July 1995
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