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Aviation History
1996
1996 - 1864.PDF
AJJi rOSiOZij Or I 1E WOULD small aircraft carrier. Type A7E/TA7* P-3A Orion S-2F/US-2C Tracker F27 Maritime Enforcer F27 Friendship 400M Dornier 228 CL-215 Summit Sentry 0-2-337 N-24A Searchmaster U-17A/B 0-1A/E Bird Dog S-70* Bell 214ST Bell 212ASW UH-1H Iroquois •delivery in progress No Role 14/4 attack 3 ASW/MR 6 ASW/MR (WFU) MR/SAR TT/SAR/trans MR SAR attack MR/ASW/SAR 3+ marines liaison 3+ marines liaison 6 ASW 4 trans 8 ASW 4 SAR/utility ROYAL THAI ARMY The Thai army operates a variety of mainly US-supplied helicopters and transport aircraft. A dedicated attack-heli copter squadron has been formed around an initial nucleus of four AH-1F Cobras, ordered in 1986. An order for 25 Bell 212 helicopters was placed in 1989 and major refurbish ment of die UH-1 Iroquois fleet is under way. Type No Shorts 330UTT 2 King Air 200 1 PA-31T Cheyenne 1 Beech 99 1 T-41A 23 0-1 Bird Dog 65+ AH-1F Cobra 4 BV-234 Chinook 3 SH-60** 42 Bell 214B/ST 4/ Bell 212 34 UH-1B/D/H Iroquois 5+ Bell 206A/B JetRanger 14 Hughes 269/300C 68+ Bell 47G/0H-13 10+ CA1 Dakota 1 Shorts 330UTT 2 DHC-4 Caribou Skyvan 3M 3 PC-6B Turbo-Porter 4 AU-23 Peacemaker 5 Dornier 28D Skyservant 3 Cessna 310 2 CT-4A Airtrainer 1 Bell 214 2 Bell 205/212/412 14/11/1 Bell 206B JetRanger 8 **on order Role trans comms comms VIP liaison liaison attack heavylift util utility utility/VIP utility liaison trng tmg/border police trans trans trans trans utility COIN utility/VIP comms trng utility utility liaison FORCE AERIENNE TOGOLAISE (AIR FORCE) The air arm has a light-attack capability based on Alpha Jets, Brazilian EMB-326 Xavantes and four ageing Magisters. A single Alpha Jet was delivered in 1991. The transport fleet is AS.332L Super Puma SA.330 Puma SA.315B Lama SA.319 Alouette III 1 trans 1 trans 2 liaison 1 liaison • Ml^l TONGA DEFENCE SERVICES AIR WING In May 1996, the Tonga Defence Services established a new air wing operating a single Beech G-185 for reconnaissance and SAR operations. The TDS was set up in 1986. Trinidad and Tobago TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO DEFENCE FORCES The air component of the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard operates three Cessnas — a 401, a 310 and a 172 — on coastal patrol and liaison duties. Performing similar tasks are the helicopters belonging to state-owned National Helicopter Services (NHS), which replaced the Air Division of the Ministry of National Security during 1990. Its fleet consists of two S-76s and two BO105CBS4s, one of which is leased. The NHS also has responsibility for casualty evacua tion and SAR, in conjunction with the Coast Guard. iiTnr^ REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA AIR FORCE The combat element of the air force has F-5E Tigers for interception and reconnaissance. Seven surplus USAF F-SEs were acquired in 1989. The F-5s are supplemented by single-seat, light-attack Aermacchi MB.326KS and two-seat MB.326s. Its main threat is a possible overflow of Algerian rebels, possibly supported by Libya. Type F-5E/F Tiger 11 MB.326B/K/L SF.260C/W C-130H Hercules S1AI S.208A AB-205A UH-1N/H Iroquois SA.341 Gazelle SA.313 AS.350B Ecureuil AS.365 Dauphin SA.316 Alouette ll/lll No Role 15 int/recon/trng 5/3/2 trng/attack 6/12 trng/COlN 2 trans 2 liaison 15 trans 2/2 trans 5 anti-tank/liaison 6 liaison 6 liaison 1 liaison 3 liaison n^'iVVl TURK HAVA KUWETLERI Turkey continues to implement a considerable upgrade pro gramme for its air force, with on going deliveries of the F- 16, along with a major F-4 improvement programme. The air force has again changed its mind on an F-5 up grade. An agreement with US-based Triton Systems to upgrade the aircraft fell through in the second quarter of 1996. The air force has since re-issued a request for propos als. The upgrade covers around 34 aircraft to be converted to lead-in trainers for the F-16. The air force has also con cluded an agreement with Israel covering the upgrade of 54 F-4s with a package close to the Israel's air force's Phantom 2000 standard. Aircraft were to have been shipped to Israel by the third quarter of 1996. Turkey was also the launch cus tomer for the Pilatus Britten-Norman multi-sensor surveil lance aircraft, with one purchased in 1993. supplemented by a presidential flight widi two VIP airliners. Training is conducted in Type Alpha Jet EMB-326G Xavante TB.30 Epsilon CM.170 Magister DHC-5D Buffalo Boeing 707-320B F28 Fellowship 3000 Beech 58 Baron Reims-Cessna F337 Dornier 27A-4 France. No 5 4 3 4 2 1 1 2 2 1 Role attack attack/trng COIN/tmg COlN/trng trans VIP/trans VIP/trans comms comms liaison Type F-16C/D F-4E/RF-4E Phantom F-5A/B S-2A/E Tracker MSSA T-38A Talon T-33A T-37B/C SF.260D T-41D C-130B/E Hercules C-160 C-47 Dakota No 146 144/40 120+* 33 1 70 34 62 39* 28+ 13 19 40+ Role int/trng attack/recon FGA/trng MR/ASW surveillance trng trng trng trng trng trans trans trans/SAR/trng 30* 3 4 2 50+ 5 7** trans VIP VIP survey SAR SAR A/R CN-235M Viscount 700 Citation II BN-2A Islander UH-1H Iroquois UH-19 KC-135 *delivery in progress **on order TURK KARA KUWETLERI (ARMY AIR ARM) The army air arm is transport-oriented, with 90 of the 95 S- 70A-2 8 Black Hawks ordered in 1992 being destined for the service. The remaining five have joined the six S-70A-17s in service with the paramilitary genderarmie. Eurocopter, meanwhile, has secured a $252 million order from Turkey for 20 AS532UL Cougar transport helicopters. Aymet Aerospace Industries is assembling 24 Bell 206L-4 LongRanger IVs in lurkey. The USA has offered 50 AH- 1W Cobra attack helicopters to Turkey. Type No Citabria 150S 40 T-42A Baron 15 Dornier 28D Skyservant 19 21B/C 3/1 DHC-2 Beaver 1 27A 5 PA-32 Cherokee 1 Bell 206/U-17A 8/20+ 0-1E Bird Dog 50+ PA-18 Super Cub 10+ AH-1P 30 AH-lWSuperCobra 12 AB.205A/UH-1H lroquoisl30+/55* AB.204B/212 AS.532UL Cougar AB 206A JetRanger Hughes 300C AB-47G S-70A Black Hawk AB-212/205A/204B1 AB-206A JetRanger **on order 20/3 20 24** 30 15+ 85+ 8/20 15+ Role trng trng trng/trans/sur VIP liaison liaison liaison liaison liaison liaison anti-tank anti-tank trans/liaison trans/liaison trans/liaison liaison/AOP trng trng utility/VIP utility/VIP observation TURK CUMHURIYET BAHRYA Following the transfer of the S-2 Tracker fleet to the air force in the mid-1970s, the Turkish navy's air arm has oper ated only helicopters. The fleet consists of AB.212ASWs and AB.204ASs for ASW operations from frigates. Type AB.212ASW AB.204AS No Role 16 ASW 3 ASW/liaison Turkmenistan (CIS republic) Plans to establish a Turkmenistan national air-defence force in this Central Asian republic were finalised in 1993. The new force is to be established jointly with Russia. The coun try is keeping one fighter regiment of 32 combat aircraft to form its independent air force. The republic planned to sell about 200 combat aircraft, including around 80 MiG-23s, 40Mig-27s and 50 Su-17s, but there are no reports of any successful deals. Mary combat-training range, the Soviet equivalent to Nellis AFB in the USA, is in Tukmenistan. At least one squadron of MiG-29s is based there. United Arab Emirates UNITED ARAB EMIRATES AIR FORCE Contenders for the United Arab Emirates air force require ment for fighters include the Dassault Mirage 2000-5, Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker, Lockheed Martin F-16, McDonnell Douglas F-15E and F-18 andMikoyan MiG-29 Fulcrum. The UK is offering the UAE 12 ex-RAFTornadoGRlsand new-build GR4s. Delivery to Abu Dhabi of 18 Hawk 100 advanced jet- trainer/attack aircraft: is under way, the final upgraded Hawk 63C having been delivered in 1993. Abu Dhabi is consider- 56 FLIGHT INTERNATIONAL 24 - 30 July 1996
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