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Aviation History
1973
1973 - 0036.PDF
28 TURBINE ENGINES OF THE WORLD Viscount, Convair 600/640, Fairchild Hiller F-27, Fokker F.27, Grumman Gulfstream 1, Hawker Siddeley Argosy and 748, and the NAMC YS-11. The latest Dart-powered project, mount ing the 2,280 e.h.p. RDa7, is the three-engined Fairey Britten- Norman Mainlander. Dart RDa7 Two-stage centrifugal compressor, tubular com- bustor, three-stage turbine. Forward-mounted integral gear box. Take-off 2,280 e.h.p.; mass flow 271b/sec; pressure ratio 6-35:1; length 97-6in; diameter 37-9in; weight 1,2371b. The Dart, despite its age, continues to be the leader in the 2,500 s.h.p.-5,000 s.h.p. sector. Little activity has taken place in this bracket over the past decade or so, and any new entrants to the field are most likely to be derivatives of military projects. As in the higher-power sector, the turbofan is taking over in all but the lowest-cost, utility-type applica tions. Many of the Dart-powered category of transports are being demoted, not only by such aircraft as the F.28 but also by the VFW 614 and, more recently, the HS.146, which to a large extent is aimed at the existing HS.748 market. Up to 2,000, s.h.p., 1,492kW LTC ISeries:;::.: • • LTS101^^^^I Model 250 | | TSE36\$^ TSE231\^^$;>$<| TPE331 III | TSE331 | CT58; I Model 6022 ;;::] M6oi^> ^ms^ Artouste Astazou;•;;•.;•: ; . .,;..;. J j Bastan fur mast azpu "x xX • sV^ \ N, \] furmo • • 3 1 «::::=: -r.W.iA \mmm B 1 J f^\\\\W\\\^l Double Turmastazo^^mW^ PT6A:-; ••- j | PT6T;-:.:..:;: . I mm 2,000 s.h.p. Avco Lycoming LTC1 series (USA) Free-turbine turboshaft and turboprop. Several groups of engines form the LTC1 series, including the LTC1F, LTC1K, LTC1S and LTC1V; all incorporate the basic T53 military designation. The main commercial versions are turboshafts, namely the 1,100 s.h.p. T5311A powering the Bell Model 204B helicopter and the 1,400 s.h.p. T5313A fitted to the Bell Model 205A. T5313A Six-stage compressor, annular combustor, two-stage compressor turbine, two-stage power turbine. Take-off 1,400 s.h.p.; mass flow 12-81b/sec; pressure ratio 7-4:1; length 47-6in; diameter 23in; weight 5491b. Avco Lycoming LTSlOl (USA) Free-turbine turboshaft. A new small engine at the bottom of the Lycoming range which first ran in May 1972 and has been chosen for the US Army Aerial Scout helicopter contest. FAA certification of this powerplant is scheduled for June next year. LTSlOl Two-stage compressor, annular combustor, single- stage compressor turbine, single-stage power turbine. Take off 579 s.h.p.; length 31in; width 16in; height 25-9in; weight 2001b. Detroit Diesel Allison Model 250 (USA) Free-turbine turbo shaft and turboprop. It is available in four basic versions, the 317 s.h.p. Model 250-C18 and 400 s.h.p. Model 250-C20 turbo- shafts, and the 317 s.h.p. Model 250-B15 and 400 s.h.p. Model 250-B17 turboprops. Major applications of the 317 s.h.p. turbo- shafts are the Bell 206A JetRanger, Fairchild 1100 and Hughes 500 light utility helicopters. For the 400 s.h.p. -C20 engine FLIGHT International, 4 January 1973 applications include the JetRanger II, Boeing/MBB B6105C and Agusta 109C. Among -B17 turboprop applications are the GAF Nomad 24, Cessna 402 and an advanced version of the , Italair F.20 Pegaso. Two Italian applications of the lower- power -B15 engine are the Siai-Marchetti SM.1019 and Parte- navia P.68 turboprop version. Model 250-C20 Seven-stage compressor, annular combustor, two-stage compressor turbine, two-stage power turbine. Ventral-mounted integral gearbox. Take-off 400 s.h.p.; mass flow 3-61b/sec; pressure ratio 7-2:1; length 40-3in; height 22-5in; width 19in; weight 1551b. Garrett-AiResearch TSE36 (USA) Single-shaft turboshaft. Derived from the AiResearch GTP36 APU, this powerplant is a private-venture development aimed at replacing piston engines in the 150 s.h.p.-250 s.h.p. range. Progress suffered from the failure of the main application, the Enstrom T-28A helicopter. Garrett-AiResearch TSE231 (USA) Free-turbine turboshaft. It was originally launched to power the Gates Twinjet heli copter (now defunct). The TSE231 is essentially a scaled-down version of the TPE331. It lost the US Army Aerial Scout engine contest last year to Avco Lycoming's LTSlOl, and is now proceeding at low priority. Some 650hr testing, including flight in a Bell JetRanger test bed, has been logged. TSE231 Two-stage compressor, annular combustor, single- stage compressor turbine, single-stage power turbine. Front- or rear-mounted gearbox. Take-off 474 s.h.p.; length 41in; width 20-8in; height 22-93in; weight 1741b. Garrett-AiResearch TPE331 (USA) Single-shaft turboprop. Currently AiResearch's most successful propulsion engine, its design is based on the company's many millions of hours' experience with small APU gas turbines. Main applications are the Fairchild (Swearingen) Merlin III, the Mitsubishi MU-2 series, North American Rockwell Commander 690 and Short Skyvan. In addition, Beech Aircraft recently decided to offer one of its two Model 90 King Air series (probably the C90) with the TPE331 in place of its present United Aircraft of Canada PT6A-20 turboprop. The maximum rating, at present just over 900 s.h.p., is to be increased to 1,000 s.h.p. TPE331-303 Two-stage compressor, annular combustor, three- stage turbine. Integral front-mounted gearbox. Take-off 904 e.h.p.; mass flow 7-81b/sec; pressure ratio 10-4:1; length 42-8in; height 26-6in; width 21in; weight 3551b. Garrett AiResearch TSE331 (USA) Single-shaft turboshaft. Based closely on the TPE331, its only application is Aviation Specialities' re-engined version of the Sikorsky S-55, desig nated S-55-T. The configuration is similar to that of the TPE331-303, giving 800 s.h.p. for the same weight. General Electric CT58 (USA) Free-turbine turboshaft. The commercial version of the T58 military turboshaft. It was the first US helicopter turbine to enter airline service. Main applications are the Sikorsky S-61 with the 1,500 s.h.p. CT58- 110, and the Boeing-Vertol 107 Model II with the 1,500 s.h.p. CT58-140. (For description see T58.) Motoren-und Turbinen-Union Model 6022 (Germany) Single- shaft turboshaft. A simple, low-power shaft turbine primarily for helicopter installations, it has flown in the MBB B6105. Model 6022-A3 Single-stage compressor, annular combustor, single-stage turbine. Integral front-mounted gearbox. Take-off 375 s.h.p.; mass flow 4-21b/sec; pressure ratio 6-4:1; length 41-8in; height 26-4in; width 16-9in; weight 1981b. Motorlet M-601 (Czechoslovakia) Free-turbine turboprop and turboshaft. It is under development as the M-601-D to power the Let L-410 twin-engined transport, and was also selected in M-601-H form last year for the new joint Czech/Polish HC-4 utility helicopter. M-601-D Three-stage compressor, annular combustor, single- stage compressor and power turbines. Back-to-front installa tion with rear plenum intake, and front-mounted integral gearbox. Take-off 700 e.h.p.; mass flow 6-81b/sec; pressure ratio 6-2:1; length 62-2in; diameter 16-9in; weight 3131b. Turbomeca Artouste (France) Single-shaft turboshaft. A highly successful helicopter turboshaft powering the Aero spatiale Alouette and SA.315B Lama. More than 1,500 engines have been delivered. Artouste I11B Two-stage compressor, annular combustor, three-stage turbine. Integral front-mounted gearbox. Take-off 870 s.h.p.; mass flow 9-51b/sec; pressure ratio 5-2:1; length 71-5in; width 20in; height 24-68in; weight 2871b.
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